Vaccine
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How Often
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Disease Prevented
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Recommended For:
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Hepatitis A (HepA)
|
2 doses
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Hepatitis A, an infection that can cause acute liver inflammation and jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes)
|
Anyone who hasn’t been vaccinated
|
Hepatitis B (HepB)
|
3 doses
|
Hepatitis B, an infection that causes severe, chronic liver disease
|
Anyone who didn’t receive all doses as a child
|
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV)
|
3 doses
|
Human papilloma virus, a virus that causes genital warts and may increase risk of cervical cancer
|
All girls between ages 11 and 26 (can be given to girls as young as 9)
|
Influenza
|
1 dose every year
|
Influenza, a viral illness that can cause severe respiratory problems
|
Anyone at risk of complications of the flu, or who has exposure to someone at high risk
|
Measles, Mumps, Rubella (MMR)
|
2 doses
|
Measles, a disease that causes red spots on the skin, fever, and coughing
Mumps, a disease that causes swelling in the salivary glands and may affect the ovaries or testicles
Rubella (German measles), a disease that can cause rash, mild fever, and arthritis; if caught by a pregnant woman, can cause birth defects
|
Anyone who didn’t receive 2 doses as a child
|
Meningococcal
|
1 or more doses
|
Bacterial meningitis, an inflammation of the membrane covering the brain and spinal cord; can lead to death
|
Any unvaccinated teen
|
Pneumococcal (PPV)
|
1 or more doses
|
Pneumonia, a disease that causes inflammation of the lungs and can lead to death
|
Any teen with a health condition, or exposure to someone at high risk
|
Polio
|
3 doses
|
Polio, a disease that causes paralysis and can lead to death
|
Anyone who didn’t receive all doses as a child
|
Tetanus, Diptheria, and Pertussis (TdaP)
|
|
Tetanus (lockjaw), a disease that causes muscles to spasm
Diphtheria, an infection that causes fever, weakness, and breathing problems
Pertussis (whooping cough), an infection that causes a severe cough
|
Anyone who hasn’t had their three initial doses, or hasn’t had a booster in the last 10 years
|
Varicella (Var)
|
2 doses
|
Chickenpox, a disease that causes itchy skin, bumps, fever, and fatigue; can lead to scarring, pneumonia, or brain inflammation
|
Anyone who previously received only one dose of the vaccine
|
The American Academy of Pediatrics advises physicians that it is essential to monitor patients throughout their childhood and to counsel parents and caregivers to help prevent severe overweight and obesity in children. Their recommendation is as follows:
Children’s body mass calculations need to be accurate and related to their growth charts. A visit to a health care provider will provide you with the most reliable information, but the calculator at the following web site, developed by a pediatrician, can help you see if your child is at risk of being overweight: http://www.keepkidshealthy.com/welcome/bmicalculator.xml
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American Academy of Pediatrics, Committee on Nutrition. Prevention of Pediatric Overweight and Obesity (policy statement). Pediatrics. Aug 2, 2003;112(2);424-430. Available on the Internet at http://aappolicy.aappublications.org. Accessed July 23, 2004.
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American Obesity Association. Obesity in Youth (fact sheet). Available on the Internet at http://www.obesity.org/subs/fastfacts/obesity_youth.sxml. Accessed July 23, 2004.
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Iannelli V. BMI Calculator. Available on the Internet at http://www.keepkidshealthy.com. Accessed July 23, 2004.